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Cartuja Monastery in Grenade

monasteriodelacartuja

Visit Monasterio de la Cartuja in Granada

 

Introduction

It is located at a large piece of orchards land that was donated by the “Great Captain” for the Foundation of a convent of the “Carthusian” Order, which was partly destroyed after the Freeing from mortmain. The next rooms, with a Gothic structure: the Refectory, the “Profundis” room, Chapters of Monks and Lays, are distributed around the vaulted and peristyled small cloister (courtyard surrounded by columns). Stands out the Refectory, decorated by “Fr. Juan Sánchez Cotán” with big mannerist canvases and the magnificent trompe-l’oeil of the cross. The church, perfect example of the Andalusian Baroque, has one single nave with the choir at the foot. Behind the tabernacle is the Sacrarium with an astonishing plaster and polychromatic decoration. On the left we find the Sacristy, made with an impressive marquetry and carved plaster, the same as the Sacrarium.


Address: Monasterio de la Cartuja. Camino de Alfacar, s/n, Granada, España
Telephone: (34) 958 161 932
Fax: (34) 958 161 932

Timetables

  • Monday to Sunday from 10:00 – 13:00 h. and from 15:00 – 19:00 h. in winter and from 16:00 – 20:00 h. in summer.

Precio de la Entradas

  • General ticket: 3€

History

This monastery is constructed on the hill of “Aynadamar”, a place greatly appreciated by the Moslems. It is covered with orchards and gardens irrigated with the water that comes from “Alfacar”. At this site the Moslems installed their country residences, where they celebrated magnificent banquets. According to “L. Mármol” the word “Aynadamar” means “Fountain of tears”, and it makes reference to the ditch, named the same way, that passes through this site, carrying the water from Alfacar to parts of the Albayzin district.

Nowadays, this site has been changed drastically by the University buildings and dwellings that have been constructed around it.

To accede to this compound we have to go through a plateresque style door way of the 16th century by “Juan García de Pradas”. It consists of a semicircular arch, with Gothic imposts, shields of Spain at the spandrels and framed by pilasters and a richly decorated cornice. On top of this cornice there is a niche with a wooden image of the Virgin from the 16th century.

Through this door we enter a great courtyard and at the rear there is a big staircase that leads us to the entrance of the church and to the actual entrance of the Monastery. Here, the element that stands out the most is a magnificent “granadino” stone-paved floor from the 16th century.

The church (16th century), has three access doors: one for the faithful and the other two were for the monks and the lays (these two doors communicated with a small cloister). One of them, is a simple neoclassical door with a semicircular arch, framed by Ionic columns and an entablature that supports a niche with an image of “St. Bruno”.

The church has one single nave divided into four sections, which are separated with different elements, for instance an altarpiece that separates the lays choir from the monks choir. The first section of the church was dedicated to the faithfuls, the next section was dedicated to the lays and then one for the monks, culminating with the presbytery.

At the nave, there are two elements that stand out from the rest: the altarpieces by “Sánchez Cotán” and the storm door with glass doors decorated with shells, silver, several woods and ivory, by “Fr. José Manuel Vázquez”.

The first of these elements, the altarpieces, are “Descanso en la Huida a Egipto” (A rest in the escape to Egypt) and “Bautismo de Cristo” (Christ’s Baptism), from the 17th century. These were the first ones that the artist did in Granada, where most of his works are, that show the transition from the Mannerist style to the Baroque.

The walls and the ceilings are richly decorated, being the plaster the material used more frequently for sculptures, niches and the arches of the canvases which show the life of the Virgin, by “P. Atanasio Bocanegra” during the second half of the 17th century. This artist, disciple of “Alonso Cano”, was a notable master of the “Granadina” School and one of the most famous painters of his time. In his works he shows seascape themes with an accentuated Baroque style that sometimes introduces the Rococo style.


At the presbytery, covered with an elliptical vault, stands out the High Altar, which is a baldachin altar made with golden painted wood that holds an “Assumption Virgin” by the sculptor “José de Mora”. At the rear of the apse a glass storm door gives access to the “Sacrarium” or “Sancta Santorum” made by “Francisco Hurtado Izquierdo”. This is one of the most complete Baroque works of the Spanish art, that its interior decoration, shows a great dynamism and blends harmoniously architecture, painting and sculpture. Designed independent from the church, it was designed as a closed low niche, where they would keep the tabernacle made of jasper and marble that holds the Holy Form. On its sides there are the golden sculptures of the “Virtues”. The cupola that covers this space was embellished with fresco paintings by the cordovan artist “Antonio Palomino” (18th century) that represent the triumph of the Militant Church, of Faith and of the religious life.

On the intercolumniations that support the arches where the cupola rests, there are sculptures of St. José and St. Bruno by “José de Mora”, the Mary Magdalene by “P. Duque Cornejo” and St. Juan Bautista by “J. Risueño”. The artist “José de Mora” was the most notable member of this group of sculptors of Granada. He become famous due to his works: “Dolorosas”, “Crucificado de la Misericordia” (at the St. José Church) and for this sculpture of “St. Bruno”.

At both sides of the Sacrarium, there are two chapels decorated with Baroque altarpieces with works of “Duque Cornejo” and “Sánchez Cotán”.

The Sacristy is located on the left hand side of the Presbytery. It has a rectangular floor plan, divided into four sections. The first three sections are covered with barrel vaults and the last one is covered with an elliptical vault. The structure of this work was started in 1732, the decoration in 1736 and it was finished in 1745. The altarpiece, made with marble from “Lanjaron”, was made in 1780 and it shows the figures of St. Bruno and the Virgin. The paintings of the cupola were done by “Tomás Ferrer” (18th century). Although the sacristy has simple proportions, the space is enlarged with the use of the illumination. The walls and vaults are covered with white plaster works which give the complex a dynamism with their curved and straight shapes. For “Bonet Correa”, the Sacristy of Granada is like an extension of the nazarie art as well as a new creation. The decoration is completed with the high marble socles and the beautiful marquetry drawers made by the Carthusian lay “J. Manuel Vázquez”.

The small cloister was apparently designed by “Fray Alonso de Ledesma” in the middle of the 16th century, as well as the Church and the great cloister that was destroyed in the mid 19th century. A door, located on the right of the entrance to the church, gives access to this small cloister. It has a courtyard with a fountain in the center and galleries that open to it through semicircular arches supported by columns with Doric capitals. Around this courtyard the different rooms of the monastery are distributed. The Refectory, with a rectangular shape and covered with cross vaults, started to be constructed in 1531. On its walls there are canvases made by “Sánchez Cotán” hanging, that show the origin and the commencement of the Carthusian Order.

Connected with the Refectory is the “Profundis” room built in 1600, where there is an altarpiece with a canvas of St. Pedro and St. Pablo, also made by “Sánchez Cotán”.

The Chapter of Lays room is the oldest part of the monastery (1517). It has a rectangular shape, covered with a cross vault (generated from pointed arches) and with a multi centered arch at the entrance. The canvases that hang on its walls were done by “Vicente Carducho” that show the life of the Carthusian monks.

On the gallery of the courtyard, next to the nave of the church, there are four chapels that house, each one of them, an “Ecce Homo” made with polychromated clay, by the “García” brothers at the end of the 16th century. There is also a sculpture of the Virgin with her child, made by “José Risueño” during the 17th and the 18th century. The “García” brothers (“Jerónimo”, “Francisco” and “Miguel”), who worked in Granada around 1600, were apparently canons from “El Salvador”. The fact that they did sculpture as a hobby and not as a profession, might explain their independence, specialization and fame achieved by their “Ecce Homo” made of terracotta. This “Ecce Homo” is a representation of Jesus Christ with a crown of spines and his hands tied together with the cord that hangs from his neck during the Passion. “J. Risueño” (another sculptor and painter) follows “Alonso Cano” in his works although with Flemish influences. The “Cristo del Consuelo” (The Christ of the Consolation, made by “Alonso Cano”) is very well known in Granada, and can be admired at the Sacromonte Abbey.

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